You may have seen alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) listed as ingredients of some of your favorite skincare products. But what exactly are these acids? How do they work? How do you know which ones are best for your skin? Below, we’ll discuss two of the most popular AHAs (lactic acid and glycolic acid), how they can benefit your skin, and some products to consider.
Know Your AHAs
Alpha hydroxy acids are a group of natural acids frequently used in skincare products designed to exfoliate the skin and help to improve firmness, smoothness, and sun damage. The FDA says alpha hydroxy acids in skincare products are safe if the concentration is less than 10%, the final product has a pH of 3.5 or higher, and the formulation protects the skin from increased sun sensitivity (or clearly states to use sun protection). Your chances of sunburn increase when you use AHAs, so be sure to always wear SPF!
Lactic Acid
Lactic acid is an ingredient found in dairy products, though most of the lactic acid used in skincare is synthetic. The ingredient acts as a humectant to remove dead cells and moisturize. But that’s not all! A three-month study showed lactic acid increased the skin’s firmness, thickness, and smoothness and decreased the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
Glycolic Acid
Glycolic acid and lactic acid go hand-in-hand but work separately to target specific needs. Glycolic acid is a water-soluble AHA derived from sugarcane that has been shown to improve discoloration of photo-aged skin and skin texture. Like all AHAs, glycolic acid is safe to use when applied with sunscreen. It is recommended that you ease into daily use so your skin can adapt to the ingredient.
AHA Products You Will Love
Here are some of our favorite skincare products that include lactic acid, glycolic acid, or both.
The Ordinary Lactic Acid 10% + HA 2% Exfoliating Serum ($6.80, shop here)
IT Cosmetics Bye Bye Pores Glycolic Acid Serum ($29, shop here)
Paula’s Choice Skin Perfecting 8% AHA Gel Exfoliant ($29.50, shop here)
Drunk Elephant T.L.C. Sukari Babyfacial ($80, shop here)
Alpha-H Liquid Gold with 5% Glycolic Acid Exfoliating Tonic ($54, shop here)
Have you used products with glycolic or lactic acid? Share your experience in the comments below!