Mononucleosis, aka “mono,” is a viral infection that causes flu-like symptoms. Many people who acquire the disease get it through smooching – hence its reputation as the “kissing disease.” In this article, we will dive into all things mono: How do you contract it? What are the symptoms? How do you treat it? Let’s get started!
General Overview of Mononucleosis
Mononucleosis, commonly known as the “kissing disease,” is an infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It’s not just about kissing, though; sharing silverware, drinks, and food can also transmit it. But here’s the good news: you’re more likely to catch a common cold than mono. And once exposed, the virus will lie dormant in your body for life, providing you with a unique form of immunity.
What Are Some Common Symptoms?
Common symptoms of mono include fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and severe sore throat. Most symptoms last 1-2 weeks, though the virus can stay in your system for 4-6 weeks. Mono doesn’t typically progress to severe stages. However, you should be on the lookout for worsening symptoms and keep open communication with your doctor. Additional symptoms include headache, muscle weakness, rash, night sweats, and swollen tonsils. In some cases, the spleen or liver may swell.
How Is Mono Diagnosed?
Healthcare providers typically diagnose mononucleosis based on symptoms and a physical exam. Lab tests may also be ordered to confirm the diagnosis. Remember, the sooner you know, the sooner you can take steps to manage the symptoms and prevent the spread of the virus.
When Is Mono Contagious?
If the virus is present and you’re feeling symptoms, you’re contagious. But you can also be infectious for 4-7 weeks before showing symptoms. This means you could transmit the “kissing disease” without knowing it. What’s more, the virus can be misleading; you might think those early symptoms are just your menstrual cycle or the flu.
Is There Any Prevention? What Does Treatment Look Like?
Unfortunately, there is no vaccination available for the Epstein-Barr virus. Easy ways to prevent contracting mono include not sharing drinks, food, or toothbrushes and being cautious about kissing someone who may be infected with the virus. If you show symptoms, you can get some relief by drinking plenty of fluids, getting plenty of rest, and taking over-the-counter medications to relieve pain and fever. Your doctor may prescribe additional medications to manage symptoms.
You should also avoid contact sports and vigorous activities such as football, weightlifting, and roughhousing. Mono can cause an enlarged spleen, a potential complication that can lead to a rupture if not managed properly. This makes these activities much more dangerous. It’s important to be aware of these complications and take the necessary precautions to avoid them.